NAD+

Description

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

⚠️ LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY
NOT FOR HUMAN OR ANIMAL CONSUMPTION
This product is intended exclusively for in vitro research and analytical applications in professional laboratory settings. NOT approved by FDA for human use. NOT for clinical, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme present in all living cells, functioning as a critical electron carrier in redox reactions and cellular energy metabolism. It is extensively studied in aging research, longevity biology, and metabolic investigations for its role in mitochondrial function, sirtuin pathway activation, and DNA repair mechanisms. NAD+ concentrations decline with age in preclinical models, making it a valuable tool for investigating cellular senescence pathways and age-related metabolic changes in laboratory settings.

Product Summary — NAD+ 500MG

Product Name	NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)
Category	Coenzyme; investigational compound studied in aging and metabolic research
Molecular Formula	C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
Molecular Weight	~663.5 g/mol
Structure	Dinucleotide consisting of a nicotinamide group and an adenine nucleotide joined by phosphodiester bonds
Form & Purity	Lyophilized powder; ≥98% purity (HPLC-verified)
Storage	Store lyophilized at −20 °C to −80 °C, dry, and protected from light. Reconstituted solutions should be stored short-term at 4 °C. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.
Key Research Areas	– Electron transport chain and mitochondrial bioenergetics – Sirtuin (SIRT1–SIRT7) activation and deacetylase activity – PARP-mediated DNA repair pathways – Oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic flux – Redox homeostasis and ROS modulation in preclinical models
Research Use Cases	– Cellular senescence and aging pathway investigations – Mitochondrial function and biogenesis studies – NAD+ biosynthesis and salvage pathway characterization – Sirtuin-dependent gene regulation assays – Neurodegenerative disease modeling (in vitro) – Metabolic flux analysis in cell culture systems
Compliance	For research use only. Not FDA/EMA approved for medical use. Not for human consumption, clinical, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.

Mechanism of Action of NAD+

Cellular Energy Metabolism

NAD+ functions as a critical coenzyme in oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, serving as an electron acceptor in catabolic reactions. In the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NAD+ is reduced to NADH at Complex I, facilitating the proton gradient that drives ATP synthase. This redox cycling is fundamental to cellular bioenergetics and is a primary focus of metabolic research.

Sirtuin Activation and Epigenetic Regulation

NAD+ serves as an obligate co-substrate for sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7), a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases. In preclinical models, sirtuin activation has been associated with regulation of inflammatory gene expression, maintenance of genomic stability, and modulation of cellular stress responses. These pathways are actively investigated in aging and longevity research.

DNA Repair and Genomic Integrity

NAD+ is consumed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) during DNA damage response. PARP1 and PARP2 utilize NAD+ to synthesize poly(ADP-ribose) chains at sites of DNA strand breaks, recruiting repair machinery. The competition between PARPs and sirtuins for the cellular NAD+ pool is a key area of investigation in geroscience research.

Redox Homeostasis

The NAD+/NADH ratio serves as a critical indicator of cellular redox state. In preclinical studies, perturbations in this ratio have been associated with altered mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and shifts in metabolic substrate utilization. These observations make NAD+ a valuable research tool for studying oxidative stress pathways.

NAD+ Decline in Preclinical Aging Models

Published literature documents age-associated decline in tissue NAD+ levels across multiple preclinical model organisms. This decline has been correlated with reduced sirtuin activity, impaired mitochondrial function, and accumulation of DNA damage in laboratory studies. These findings have made NAD+ metabolism a central topic in biogerontology research.

Research Applications

• In vitro studies: NAD+ quantification assays, sirtuin activity measurements, PARP activation analysis, and mitochondrial respiration studies using Seahorse or Clark-type electrodes.
• Cell culture: NAD+ supplementation studies in primary cell cultures and immortalized cell lines to investigate dose-dependent effects on NAD+-consuming enzymes.
• Metabolic research: Isotope tracer studies for NAD+ biosynthesis pathway characterization, including de novo, Preiss–Handler, and salvage pathways.
• Aging research: Cellular senescence assays, SA-β-galactosidase staining, telomere length analysis, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) profiling.

Citations

Imai, S.-I., & Guarente, L. (2014). NAD+ and Sirtuins in Aging and Disease. Trends in Cell Biology, 24(8), 464–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2014.04.002

Braidy, N., & Alam, S. (2018). NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 18(4), 284–294.

Cantó, C., Menzies, K. J., & Auwerx, J. (2015). NAD+ Metabolism and the Control of Energy Homeostasis. Cell Metabolism, 22(1), 31–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.05.001

Yoshino, J., Baur, J. A., & Imai, S.-I. (2018). NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metabolism, 27(3), 513–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2017.11.002

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Third Party Verified

500 MG – NDLY809 – 08/23/2025 – SAMPLE A

500 MG – ND601A – 08/23/2025 – SAMPLE B

600 MG – ND601A – 06/23/2025