What is MOTS-c?

MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded within the mitochondrial DNA, specifically in the 12S rRNA region. This peptide is a critical regulator of cellular metabolism, playing a key role in energy balance and stress response. Research highlights its potential to improve metabolic health, combat aging, and address conditions like obesity and insulin resistance. As a unique component of mitochondrial function, MOTS-c is a promising target for enhancing longevity and overall wellness.

MOTS-c Structure

The molecular structure of MOTS-c is essential to its function in metabolic regulation. Below are the key details of its composition:

• Sequence: Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg
• Molecular Formula: C101H152N28O22S2
• Molecular Weight: 2174.64 g/mol
• PubChem CID: 146302856
• CAS Number: 1627580-64-6

These structural elements enable MOTS-c to interact with cellular pathways, particularly the AMPK pathway, to support energy balance and mitochondrial health.

Mechanism of Action: How MOTS-c Works

The mechanism of action of MOTS-c involves its translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus during metabolic stress. Once in the nucleus, it activates the AMPK pathway, a master regulator of energy homeostasis. This activation enhances glucose uptake, increases fatty acid oxidation, and supports mitochondrial biogenesis. These processes help maintain metabolic balance, making MOTS-c a powerful tool against metabolic disorders, diabetes, and age-related decline.

Research Findings on MOTS-c

Extensive studies on MOTS-c have revealed its significant impact on metabolic health and aging. Key findings include:

• Improves insulin sensitivity and reduces obesity in preclinical models, offering potential for diabetes management.
• Enhances exercise capacity and muscle performance, supporting physical vitality.
• Protects against aging-related diseases, including osteoporosis and cardiovascular issues.
• Promotes metabolic homeostasis and longevity by optimizing mitochondrial function.

These discoveries position MOTS-c as a transformative peptide therapy for addressing challenges in metabolism and aging.

References: Scientific Studies on MOTS-c

Explore the research behind MOTS-c with these peer-reviewed studies, each providing valuable insights into its role in metabolic health and longevity:

1. Lee, C., et al. (2015). The Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTS-c Promotes Metabolic Homeostasis and Reduces Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Cell Metabolism. – Foundational study on MOTS-c’s metabolic benefits.
2. Kim, S. J., et al. (2019). MOTS-c: A Mitochondrial-Encoded Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis. Frontiers in Physiology. – Explores MOTS-c’s role in energy regulation.
3. Yang, B., et al. (2022). MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. – Highlights MOTS-c’s impact on aging.
4. Fuku, N., et al. (2015). The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c: a player in exceptional longevity? Aging Cell. – Investigates links to longevity.
5. Lee, C., et al. (2016). MOTS-c: A novel mitochondrial-derived peptide regulating muscle and fat metabolism. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. – Details effects on muscle and fat.
6. Lee, C., et al. (2019). MOTS-c: A Mitochondrial-Encoded Regulator of the Nucleus. Experimental Gerontology. – Examines MOTS-c’s nuclear translocation and gene regulation.
7. Reynolds, J. C., et al. (2021). MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nature Communications. – Links MOTS-c to exercise and muscle health.