Structures: Chemical Composition

GHK-Cu, a tripeptide-copper complex (Gly-His-Lys-Cu xHAC), drives research in wound healing and skin health through its unique molecular structure and collagen-boosting properties.

• Sequence: Gly-His-Lys-Cu xHAC
• Molecular Formula: C14H22CuN6O4
• Molecular Weight: 401.91 g/mol
• PubChem CID: 73587
• CAS Number: 89030-95-5

Its copper ion amplifies antioxidant effects, supporting anti-aging and tissue repair studies. View the structure on PubChem.

Research: Applications and Findings

GHK-Cu naturally occurs in human blood and excels in skin health, wound healing, and immune function research, promoting collagen production and angiogenesis.

1. Skin Healing

   GHK-Cu enhances collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans in cultures, accelerating wound healing and skin regeneration by attracting immune and endothelial cells.

2. Skin Care

   It boosts firmness, reduces wrinkles, and combats photodamage, leveraging antioxidant properties for skin rejuvenation and elasticity.

3. Cognition & Nervous System

   GHK-Cu supports nerve outgrowth and angiogenesis, showing promise in neuroprotection and cognitive health studies, especially in aging models.

4. Chemotherapy Side Effects

   In mice, GHK-Cu reduces lung fibrosis from bleomycin, highlighting its potential in tissue repair within cancer treatment research.

GHK-Cu also protects brain tissue and aids diabetic wound healing, broadening its therapeutic scope.

Referenced Citations

Scientific studies validate GHK-Cu’s impact on wound healing, skin health, and neuroprotection.

1. Pickart, L., et al. (2015). The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in the treatment of skin disorders. BioMed Research International, 2015, 648108. Full Text
2. Gruchlik, A., et al. (2014). Effect of Gly-His-Lys and its copper complex on TGF-β secretion. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 71(6), 954-959. Abstract
3. Pickart, L., & Margolina, A. (2018). Regenerative actions of GHK-Cu. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7), 1987. Full Text
4. Wang, X., et al. (2017). GHK-Cu-liposomes accelerate scald healing in mice. Wound Repair and Regeneration, 25(2), 270-278. Abstract
5. Mulder, G. D., et al. (1994). Enhanced healing of diabetic ulcers with GHK-Cu. Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2(4), 259-269. Abstract
6. Carapaglia, S., et al. (2003). Topical GHK-Cu on ischemic wounds. Veterinary Surgery, 32(5), 375-383. Abstract
7. Zhang, Y., et al. (2018). GHK alleviates neuronal apoptosis. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12, 644. Full Text
8. Zhou, X. M., et al. (2017). GHK peptide inhibits pulmonary fibrosis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8, 904. Full Text
9. Park, J.-R., et al. (2016). GHK-Cu ameliorates acute lung injury in mice. Oncotarget, 7(36), 58405-58417. Full Text
10. Severynova, L. A., & Dolgintsev, M. E. (2017). Effects of GHK in pain-induced behavior. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 164(2), 140-144. Abstract
11. Severynova, L. A., & Plotnikov, D. V. (2018). GHK binding to iron and its effects. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 165, 621-625. Abstract